DPP & ESPR Glossary
Every key term you need to understand Digital Product Passports, ESPR compliance, and sustainability reporting — explained in plain English.
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Audit Trail in Digital Product Passports
How audit trails ensure traceability, accountability, and regulatory compliance throughout a product's lifecycle in Digital Product Passport...
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Battery Passport: EU Battery Regulation Explained
The EU Battery Regulation mandates digital passports for industrial and EV batteries. Learn what data is required and compliance timelines.
Read definition →C
CE Marking and ESPR: Complete Explanation
Everything businesses need to know about how CE marking requirements change under the ESPR, including conformity assessment, documentation o...
Read definition →Circular Economy Glossary for DPP Professionals
A comprehensive glossary of circular economy terms that every Digital Product Passport professional needs to understand, from cradle-to-crad...
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Data Carrier Explained: QR, NFC, RFID for DPPs
Understand what data carriers are and how QR codes, NFC tags, and RFID chips serve as the physical link between products and their Digital P...
Read definition →Digital Product Passport Glossary: Key Terms Explained
A comprehensive glossary of digital product passport terminology, from data carriers and unique identifiers to interoperability standards. E...
Read definition →Digital Twin vs Digital Product Passport: Key Differences
A clear comparison of Digital Twins and Digital Product Passports, explaining their different purposes, data models, use cases, and how they...
Read definition →DPP Technical Glossary: Standards and Protocols
A technical reference covering the standards, protocols, and data formats that underpin digital product passport implementation, from GS1 Di...
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ESPR FAQ: Your Questions Answered
Get clear answers to the most frequently asked questions about the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation, from scope and timelines t...
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Footprint Calculation: Carbon and Environmental Metrics
How to calculate and declare carbon and environmental footprints in Digital Product Passports under ESPR requirements.
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GS1 Digital Link: Connecting Products to Passports
GS1 Digital Link creates web-resolvable product identifiers that connect physical items to their Digital Product Passports via QR codes.
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Harmonised Standards and ESPR Compliance
Harmonised standards provide the technical specifications for meeting ESPR requirements. Learn how they shape DPP compliance.
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Interoperability in Digital Product Passports
Interoperability ensures DPP data can be exchanged and understood across different systems, platforms, and supply chain partners.
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JSON-LD: The Data Format Behind DPPs
JSON-LD is the recommended data format for Digital Product Passports, enabling machine-readable, semantically rich product data.
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Key Performance Indicators for Product Sustainability
KPIs help measure and track product sustainability performance. Learn which indicators matter for DPP compliance and reporting.
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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for DPP Compliance
LCA is the methodology behind environmental footprint calculations in DPPs. Understand how LCA feeds into your product passport data.
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Material Composition Declarations in DPPs
Material composition declarations detail what a product is made of. Learn what ESPR requires for material data in Digital Product Passports.
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Notified Bodies and Conformity Assessment
Notified bodies perform independent conformity assessments for regulated products. Learn their role in ESPR and DPP compliance.
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Open Data Standards for Digital Product Passports
Open data standards ensure DPP information is accessible, interoperable, and reusable. Learn about the key standards shaping DPPs.
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Product Serialisation: Why Every Item Needs an Identity
Product serialisation assigns unique identifiers to individual items, enabling tracking, traceability, and Digital Product Passport linking.
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QR Codes as DPP Data Carriers
QR codes are the primary data carrier for Digital Product Passports, linking physical products to their digital passport information.
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Recycled Content: Measuring and Declaring in DPPs
Recycled content declarations in DPPs show how much of a product comes from recycled materials. Learn measurement methods and requirements.
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Supply Chain Transparency Under the ESPR
ESPR requires supply chain transparency for products sold in the EU. Learn what data must flow through your supply chain for DPP compliance.
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Traceability in Digital Product Passports
Traceability enables tracking products and materials through the supply chain. Learn how DPPs deliver end-to-end product traceability.
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Understanding Content Negotiation in DPP Standards
Content negotiation allows DPP data carriers to serve different formats to different consumers. Learn how HTTP content negotiation underpins...
Read definition →Understanding ESPR Jargon: A Plain English Guide
Cut through the regulatory jargon of the ESPR with this plain English guide. We translate complex EU terminology into clear, practical langu...
Read definition →Understanding Product Environmental Footprint (PEF)
A detailed guide to the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) methodology, its role in the ESPR, and how businesses can use PEF to measure,...
Read definition →Understanding Substance of Concern Under ESPR
A detailed explanation of what substances of concern are under the ESPR, how they must be tracked and disclosed in Digital Product Passports...
Read definition →Understanding Supply Chain Due Diligence for DPPs
Learn how supply chain due diligence requirements intersect with Digital Product Passports and what businesses need to do to ensure complian...
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Verification of DPP Data Accuracy
Data verification ensures the information in Digital Product Passports is accurate and trustworthy. Learn about verification methods and req...
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What Are Substances of Concern (SoC) in the ESPR?
A detailed explanation of substances of concern under the ESPR — what they are, how they are defined, why they must be disclosed in Digital...
Read definition →What is a Bill of Materials (BOM) in DPP Context
A comprehensive guide to Bills of Materials (BOMs) and their critical role in Digital Product Passports, including how structured component...
Read definition →What Is a Delegated Act Under the ESPR?
Understand what delegated acts are, how they work within the ESPR framework, and why they are the mechanism that determines exactly what you...
Read definition →What Is a Digital Product Passport (DPP)?
A clear, comprehensive explanation of Digital Product Passports — what they are, what data they contain, who needs them, and how they will t...
Read definition →What Is a GS1 Digital Link?
A comprehensive guide to GS1 Digital Link — the global standard for connecting physical products to their digital information, and a key ena...
Read definition →What is a Product Category Rule (PCR)
Understand what Product Category Rules are, how they standardise environmental assessments, and their role in Digital Product Passport data...
Read definition →What Is a Product Environmental Footprint (PEF)?
A detailed guide to the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) methodology — the EU's standardised approach to measuring and comparing the en...
Read definition →What is a Unique Product Identifier in ESPR
A thorough guide to unique product identifiers under the ESPR, covering serialisation standards, data carrier requirements, and how identifi...
Read definition →What is Ecodesign and Why It Matters
Understand what ecodesign means, how it has evolved under EU regulation, and why it is central to the ESPR and Digital Product Passports.
Read definition →What Is ESPR? The Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation Explained
A comprehensive glossary guide to the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), explaining what it is, why it matters, and how i...
Read definition →What is Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
A comprehensive guide to Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), explaining how it works, its relationship with the ESPR and Digital Product...
Read definition →What is GS1 and Why Does It Matter for DPPs
Learn what GS1 is, how its standards work, and why GS1 identifiers and Digital Link are essential infrastructure for Digital Product Passpor...
Read definition →What is Product Serialisation and Why DPPs Need It
Learn what product serialisation means, how it works, and why it is a foundational requirement for Digital Product Passports under the EU ES...
Read definition →What Is the EU DPP Registry?
Everything you need to know about the EU DPP Registry — the centralised database that will index all Digital Product Passports for products...
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XML vs JSON-LD: Data Formats for Product Passports
Comparing XML and JSON-LD as data formats for Digital Product Passports. Understand the trade-offs and why JSON-LD is emerging as preferred.
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Yield Rate and Sustainability Manufacturing Metrics
Yield rate and manufacturing metrics reveal environmental efficiency. Learn how these metrics connect to DPP sustainability declarations.
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Zero Waste Goals and Circular Economy Targets
Zero waste and circular economy targets drive sustainable product design. Learn how these goals connect to ESPR and DPP requirements.
Read definition →Need help with compliance?
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